Detection of Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extract of Allium Sativa Against some Human pathogenic Bacteria
- Department of Graduate College and Scientific Studies, Gharb El-Niel College, Sudan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Dar ALaloum College, Sudan
- Ahfad University for Women, Sudan
Abstract
Background: Garlic (Allium sativum) has long been used for the treatment of bacterial infections. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of an aqueous garlic extract against five clinically important bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Paratyphi B, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis.
Methods: A cross-sectional, laboratory-based study was conducted at Gharb Alneel College of Medical Laboratory Science. Two concentrations of the aqueous extract (1 g/mL and 0.5 g/mL) were tested against the selected organisms using the agar-well diffusion assay.
Results: At 1 g/mL, the extract produced zones of inhibition of 14 mm (E. faecalis), 40 mm (E. coli), 45 mm (S. aureus), 22 mm (S. Paratyphi B), and 40 mm (P. aeruginosa). At 0.5 g/mL, the corresponding zones were 10 mm, 30 mm, 30 mm, 30 mm, and 35 mm, respectively. Ciprofloxacin (positive control) yielded zones of 10 mm, 20 mm, 40 mm, 22 mm, and 30 mm against the same isolates.
Conclusion: The aqueous Allium sativum extract exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, notably against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. Paratyphi B, while showing only limited efficacy against E. faecalis.